Define contrapposto and indicate an example in sculpture.

• A. A pose with weight on both feet and even hips; example: Rodin’s The Thinker
• B. A pose with weight on one leg and a slight shift in hips and shoulders to create an S-curve; example: Michelangelo’s David
• C. A pose with arms raised and balanced; example: Venus de Milo
• D. A running pose with dynamic momentum; example: Bernini's Apollo and Daphne

Answer: (B)

Contrapposto is a standing pose where the weight rests on one leg, causing the hip on that side to tilt downward while the shoulders and chest tilt in the opposite direction. This creates an S-shaped line through the body that suggests a relaxed, potential for movement rather than stiffness. Michelangelo’s David is the classic example: the weight is on one leg, the other leg relaxed, the pelvis tilts, and the upper body counterbalances with the shoulders and chest turning in the opposite direction. This combination gives David a lifelike, poised calm that feels ready to move, a hallmark of Renaissance sculpture’s interest in naturalism and humanism.

In contrast, a pose that is seated or symmetrical doesn’t demonstrate this weight-driven counterbalance, and a highly dynamic, twisting, or upward-reaching pose emphasizes motion or narrative rather than the calm, balanced tension that contrapposto models. The Venus de Milo, while graceful, is presented in a more frontal, static stance without the clear one-leg weight shift and opposing torso rotation that define contrapposto, and a running or action pose from Bernini focuses on momentum and drama rather than the relaxed balance of weight shift.